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Αν βλέπετε κάποιο λάθος στην ερώτηση, στις απαντήσεις, στις φωτογραφίες ή στην μετάφραση παρακαλούμε ενημερώστε μας.
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Όραση στην οδήγηση.
Η καλή όραση είναι προαπαιτούμενο για να οδηγήσουμε. Με το πέρασμα του
χρόνου, θα πρέπει να είμαστε προετοιμασμένοι για αλλαγές στην όρασή μας,
ακόμη και αν δεν είχαμε κάποια πάθηση νεότεροι.
Η μειωμένη όραση και πως επιδρά στην οδηγηση
Μπορεί να μη βλέπουμε ή να μη διακρίνουμε πια τόσο καθαρά, να δυσκολευόμαστε να οδηγούμε τη νύχτα, να έχουμε χάσει τη στερεοσκοπική μας όραση, κλπ.
Ένα από τα πιο συχνά προβλήματα όρασης είναι η μειωμένη οπτική οξύτητα, που υπάρχει είτε λόγω προϋπάρχουσας πάθησης είτε λόγω ηλικίας. Ο οδηγός δυσκολεύεται, για παράδειγμα, να δει τις λεπτομέρειες ενός αυτοκινήτου ή ενός ποδηλάτου που φαίνεται ακόμη μικρότερο από απόσταση, οπότε και η πιθανότητα να εμπλακεί σε ατύχημα αυξάνεται.
Μειωμένη οπτική οξύτητα έχουν άτομα που πάσχουν από διάφορες οφθαλμικές παθήσεις (π.χ. μυωπία, υπερμετρωπία, αστιγματισμός, κ.α.). Ένας τρόπος για να καταλάβουμε την κατάσταση της όρασής μας, είναι να ελέγξουμε κατά πόσο εύκολα και καθαρά μπορούμε να διακρίνουμε τους φωτεινούς σηματοδότες και τα φώτα των διερχόμενων αυτοκινήτων κατά τις νυχτερινές ώρες.
Όποια και αν είναι η πάθηση που έχουμε και η ηλικία που έχουμε, εάν ο οφθαλμίατρος μάς έχει δώσει διορθωτικά γυαλιά ή φακούς επαφής, τα φοράμε πάντα όταν οδηγούμε. Εάν το πρόβλημα στην όρασή μας δεν έχει θεραπευτεί ή αντιμετωπιστεί με διορθωτικά μέσα, δεν οδηγούμε καθόλου.
Γενικά όμως, όταν έχουμε κάποια πάθηση οφθαλμών:
Φοράμε πάντα τα σωστά γυαλιά όρασης, κατόπιν συμβουλής του οφθαλμίατρού μας. Δε φοράμε παλιά γυαλιά ή τα γυαλιά κάποιου άλλου.
Εάν χρειαστεί να οδηγήσουμε βράδυ, περιμένουμε πρώτα 5 λεπτά για να συνηθίσουν τα μάτια μας στην έλλειψη φωτός και κινούμαστε με μικρότερη ταχύτητα, ειδικά όταν πάσχουμε από νυχτερινή μυωπία.
Οδηγούμε σε καλά φωτισμένους δρόμους και αποφεύγουμε σήραγγες και κλειστούς χώρους στάθμευσης.
Αποφεύγουμε το θάμβωμα με το να κοιτάμε προς το δεξί τμήμα του δρόμου, παρά κατευθείαν στα αυτοκίνητα που πλησιάζουν από την αντίθετη κατεύθυνση, ειδικά όταν πάσχουμε από φωτοφοβία.
Διατηρούμε τους καθρέφτες, τα τζάμια αλλά και τα φώτα του οχήματος πάντα καθαρά. Τα φώτα πρέπει να είναι σωστά ρυθμισμένα, ώστε να προσφέρουν καλό φωτισμό χωρίς να τυφλώνουν τους άλλους χρήστες της οδού.
Φοράμε γυαλιά ηλίου με ικανοποιητική προστασία, κυρίως τις πρωινές ώρες, και με ειδικό φίλτρο αν έχουμε φωτοφοβία.
Επιλέγουμε να οδηγούμε περισσότερο σε γνωστούς δρόμους και αποφεύγουμε δύσκολες και περίπλοκες διασταυρώσεις, ειδικά τη νύχτα.
Ανάβουμε τα φώτα νύχτας μισή ώρα πριν βραδιάσει, αλλά και όταν έχει ομίχλη.
Δεν υποκύπτουμε σε πιέσεις τρίτων (π.χ. άλλοι οδηγοί, συνοδηγός) για να οδηγήσουμε πιο γρήγορα από ότι μπορούμε να ελέγξουμε.
Δεν οδηγούμε παράτολμα προκειμένου να φτάσουμε πιο γρήγορα κάπου.
Ειδικά οι ηλικιωμένοι οδηγοί με κάποιο πρόβλημα στην όρασή τους, πέρα από τις παραπάνω συμβουλές, θα πρέπει να:
Αποφεύγουν να οδηγούν το βράδυ.
Μειώνουν το χρόνο οδήγησης μόνο στις απαραίτητες μετακινήσεις και να αποφεύγουν τις ώρες αιχμής.
Προτιμούν να οδηγούν στην πόλη παρά στον αυτοκινητόδρομο, αφού εκεί τα οχήματα κινούνται με μεγαλύτερες ταχύτητες.
Αποφεύγουν να οδηγούν τις ώρες της ανατολής και της δύσης του ήλιου, αφού εκείνες τις ώρες το θάμβωμα είναι πιο έντονο. Αν χρειαστεί να οδηγήσουν αυτές τις ώρες, θα πρέπει να είναι διπλά προσεχτικοί.
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